Laparoscopic gall bladder surgery, also known as cholecystectomy, refers to the surgical elimination of the gallbladder. Laparoscopic gall bladder surgery is a standard treatment of symptomatic gallstones and different gallbladder diseases. Laparoscopic gall bladder surgery is done laparoscopically or through a minimally invasive procedure. Normally, laparoscopic gall bladder surgery successfully relieves manifestations; however, around 10% of people might undergo some manifestation after the surgery, a disease known as a postcholecystectomy syndrome.

What Are The Complications If Not Treated On Time?
Complications caused by laparoscopic gall bladder surgery comprise:

• Bile duct injury
• Bleeding
• Wound infection
• Formation of absces
• Stenosis
• Retained gallstones

Causes of Gallstones

• When bile holds extreme cholesterol levels : Usually, the bile has sufficient chemicals that help in dissolving the cholesterol discharged by the liver. However, when the liver discharges more cholesterol than the bile can break down, the surplus cholesterol leads to crystals and stones.
• When the bile contains excess bilirubin : Bilirubin is a chemical made when the body disintegrates red blood cells. Some diseases induce the liver to produce excess bilirubin, comprising biliary tract infections, blood disorders and liver cirrhosis. The leftover bilirubin leads to the formation of gallstones.
  
  
• When the gallbladder does not unclog precisely : When the gallbladder does not unclog thoroughly, bile starts to become extremely solid, resulting in gallstone formation.
  
  

Symptoms of Gallstones

If a gallstone becomes fixed in a duct and result in a blockage, the consequential symptoms will include :

• Impulsive and extreme discomfort in the upper right part of the abdomen
• Unexpected and extreme discomfort in the center of the abdomen, slightly below the breastbone
• Backache between the shoulder blades
• Discomfort in the right shoulder
• Vomiting
• Nausea

Treatment, Diagnosis, And Procedure of Laparoscopic Gall Bladder Surgery

Tests and methods employed to diagnose gallstones include :

• Abdominal ultrasound
• Blood tests
• Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)
• Other imaging tests.

Treatment alternatives for gallstones comprise :

• Surgery to extract the gallbladder also known as cholecystectomy) : Your doctor might suggest surgery to extract the gallbladder as gallstones can occur repeatedly. Once the gallbladder is extracted, bile flows straight from the liver into the small intestine instead of accumulating in the gallbladder. People do not really require their gallbladder to survive; moreover, gallbladder elimination does not impact the food digesting abilities; however, it can lead to temporary diarrhea.
• Medications to break down gallstones : Medications that people consume by mouth can help in breaking down gallstones. However, it might require months or years of cure to break down the gallstones in this manner, and gallstones might develop again in case the treatment is discontinued. At times, taking medications doesn't help. Medications for gallstones are not generally utilized and are prearranged for people who cannot undergo surgery.

Laparoscopic gall bladder surgery (cholecystectomy) is mainly performed when gallstones are caused, which ultimately results in various complications. When gallstones are caused, it is known as cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic gall bladder surgery (cholecystectomy) is usually performed as a minimally invasive surgery because, during the surgery, the surgeon creates small incisions. More diminutive incisions lower the chance of bleeding, infection, and help in quick recovery.

Risks Associated With Laparoscopic Gall Bladder Surgery (Cholecystectomy)

Laparoscopic gall bladder surgery (cholecystectomy) is usually regarded as safe. The rate and chances of complications are between 5 to 6 %.

Most surgical procedures certainly carry a few significant complication hazards; however, they are usually infrequent in the case of laparoscopic gall bladder surgery (cholecystectomy). Your surgeon or doctor will conduct a thorough physical check-up and examine your medical record before starting the surgery. It will aid in reducing these hazards.

The risks or complications associated with laparoscopic gall bladder surgery (cholecystectomy) comprise :

• Damaging or allergic reaction to anesthesia or different medications
• Injury to blood vessels
• Heart complications, like a fast heart rate
• Infection
• Bile duct injury
• Retained gallstones
• Stenosis
• Formation of abscess
• Wound infection
• Damage to the liver, small intestine
• Pancreatitis
• Bleeding
• Blood clumps

How Is A Laparoscopic Gall Bladder Surgery (Cholecystectomy) Performed?

Initially, the patient is given an infirmary dress before the surgery. Then the patient receives an IV so that their doctor can provide them fluids and medications through their veins. The patients are given anesthesia so that they can sleep comfortably before and throughout the operation. A tube is positioned in their throat which is attached to an automatic ventilator that aids them in breathing

Later, the surgeon creates 4 tiny incisions in the patient's abdomen for the operation. They employ these incisions to navigate a tube with a tiny camera inside their abdomen. They later navigate additional implements via the incisions and look at a monitor displaying the things the camera captures. Their abdomen is filled with gas so that the surgeon can create some space to operate. They remove their gallbladder through the incisions.

After the surgeon extracts the gallbladder and utilizes a unique X-ray for scanning for complications in the bile duct. This process is known as intraoperative cholangiography. It displays any irregularities in the rest of the bile duct systems, such as a bile stone, that the surgeon might require to eliminate.

When the surgeon is content with the outcomes, they sew and bandage all the incisions. Most patients are allowed to go home after the treatment and on the exact day of their surgery.